ALLIANCE 40: JUNE 2001
RECENT ARTICLES ON THE NATIONAL
QUESTION IN KOSOVA AND MACEDONIA:
FROM THE ALBANIAN UNITED COMMUNIST
PARTY
Foreword By Alliance:
Due to the difficulties of organising
in the state of Albania, despite our fraternal links with the Albanian
United Communist Party, communications are somewhat episodic at the moment.
However we believe these articles
may be of interest to the Marxist-Leninist movement. We know that both
are recent.
The first is a statement
upon the situation in Macedonia as of last month.
The second is a historical
view of the situation in Kosova, and relates also to the KLA war.
Minor changes may be made to
the text as our translations are refined. However we felt that no further
delay in making these materials available was warranted.
Finally a message of
condolence to the family and comrades of Communist League and Alliance,
upon Comrade W.B.Bland's death ends this issue.
June 17th 2001.
ARTICLE ONE:
"WHO INCITES THE CONFLICTS IN
THE BALKANS?
As has become known from different
news agencies, for some days in the north of the Macedonian Republic there
have been fierce clashes between ethnic Albanians and the military squads
units and the state police. In the beginning this was referred to in terms
of: "some terrorists" that have come from Kosova, whose activity stirred
to action military people and politicians to the East and West.
The problem was not left un-discussed
at the Council of Security at
the UN. The defense minister of this
artificial state of Balkans, besides ordering a vast operation using even
heavy artillery, had also asked for the intervention of NATO troops in
order to subdue the Albanians. Russia, Bulgaria and Greece offered military
forces and armament in support of the Macedonian government. President
Mejdani and Prime Minister Meta openly
distanced themselves from the co-native "extremists", by condemning their
act as fruitless. Meanwhile the parliament cut corners to the problem by
expressing "concern about the shut down of the border with Macedonia and
Kosova".
The situation was rapidly aggravated as a result of
the capricious stand of the Macedonian government, encouraged probably
even by the support offered from the Orthodox alliance. Correctly, the
Italian vice-secretary of foreign affairs
Unberto Rabieri named this support, as being
"destructive" for the region. This aggravation is illustrated by the massive
flight of the population in the northern territories, resulting from a
vicious state terror using all the weapons at its disposal, starting
with the propaganda and leading up to heavy artillery. It is said that
by the side of military and police forces they have seen even the "tigers",
of the notorious Serb Arkan. It is not known
what numbers of the autochthonous (ie "of or native to the soil,; one sprung
from the soil- Oxford English Dictionary - Editor) Albanian civilian population
have been wounded and killed. In contrast, only the victims in the ranks
of the military and state police are numbered.
In Tetove massive protests of the Albanians against
the state violence were waged, demanding it's immediate end. Strangely
even there the heads of the parties of the Democratic
Party and that of the Party for Democratic
Prosperity were missing. Yet it is they who pretend to represent
this population, and have expressed themselves for a peaceful solution
of the existing problem (?!). Only the National Democratic
Party raised its voice of protest against state terror and this
party suggest a solution in the "mutual constraint and the fulfillment
of the repeated demands of Albanians in conformity with European standards".
This is the same stand that the Albanian political subjects of Kosova had
taken, denying the accusation of the Macedonian state that pretends that
the Albanian "terrorists" have come from across the northern border.
Some western European
governments, besides condemning the "extremism" of the ethnic Albanians
in the Republic of Macedonia, have suggested changes in the constitution
concerning the rights of minorities. The USA
government has shown a special interest in the inter-ethnic crisis in the
Balkans, and this government has asked the sides to lay down the arms and
solve the existing problems through dialogue. Skopia
did not like this American stand, and has let out accusation for a support
of the " terrorists" from across the Atlantic.
From Paris, wrath and venom was unleashed "with despair",
against "the Albanian terrorists". Even the well known writer Ismail
Kadare, branded the Albanian minority as "adventurers", "lightheaded",
"suspicious", "Enver's puppies", "irresponsible", "without any logic",
"cheaters", "pseudo patriots", "against any interest of the Albanians".
Kadare said that:"I completely agree with the idea expressed by the international
community, upon the official Tirana policy and the policy of the Albanians
in Macedonia."
The Paris refugee Kadare, goes
so far as to accuse his co-natives indirectly of being "servants of Serbia"
who are seeking "to put Albania in isolation", by making Kosova the prey
of annexation. According to this Mister it is
"inconceivable how these rights can be sought by grabbing
the arms and bombs".
Kadare further 'clarifies' that:
these belong to a bandits' epoch, and the time for
that has already passed in Balkans."
He comes to the conclusion that this "anti-Albanian game"
, "this provocation," " this trap, "this intrigue fabricated with much
slyness from the anti Albanian forces" might have been planned in the most
fierce anti-Albanian offices in the Balkans and in Europe" and he gives
advice to his nation:
"To condemn them without any hesitation....to condemn
them with sincerity",
because in Europe 'Albanians cannot enter like a bandit
with a knife in hand and bombs in hands', but should enter like a civilized
people.
This appeal of the Paris refugee reminds one of the
Serb dog, Sinan Hasani, barking against the
Kosova student youth that demonstrated in Prishtine two decades ago by
demanding equal rights with the other people of the Yugoslav Federation.
Why should the writer be so irritated towards our autochthonous
co-natives who have grabbed the arms to demand those rights that the Slav
nation enjoys? Since the time they have asked for these rights in a peaceful
way they have been beaten, jailed or forced to leave their hearths (homes)
and have been unregistered even as citizens of the mult-ination state(?!).Why
did this senior gentleman remain quiet in front of the attacks of the militia
and police with the military arsenal, and which was bought specifically
under a pretext of annihilation of the "terrorists" massacre the Albanian
civilians, to destroy the Albanian economy and homes like in the Middle
Ages.
The leader of the Democratic
Party and former-president of Albania, Sali
Berisha, goes even farther by asking even for a NATO intervention.
The undertaking of such a step means tragic bloodshed, expansion of conflict
and aggravation of the situation, which can be resolved only
through fulfilling the legitimate demands of Albanians who are seeking
the same rights that the Slavs enjoy in today's state. To seek the solution
in NATO's attacks, means to come to the defense of a government that has
deepened continuously the discrimination towards a part of its citizens.
The facts speak about this. In the Yugoslav Federation this republic was
considered "of Macedonians, of Albanians and of other nations" while in
the Constitution of Today it is specified "of Macedonians". From this derive
a number of degrading and defaming measures for the aotochthon Albanians
that comprise over 40% of the population.
The anti-national stand of Berisha is not surprising
when we remember the inspiration he gave to his militants to destroy and
annex the 50-year old Albanian economy under the pretence of its "modernization";
or how he incited a fratricidal conflict in the country during the 90-s,
and how he intoned the hymn-slogans of a fascist type such as "the communists
in the rope, the veterans in the ax". We should remembr how Berisha held
aggressive meetings with his militants and sympathizers; prosecuting, jailing,
ordering death and inflicting tortures for his opponents; how he
ordered the armament of the DP militants in the elections of 1996 with
the aim of stealing the votes and terrorizing the people; his orders to
bombard the Southern Towns with poison and explosive materials when their
population demanded his resignation and that of the Mafia; and how the
thief government of Meksi did not even sign even a simple declaration in
parliament concerning the Serb barbarisms in Kosova. Time has already exposed
this ugly man of the nation.
In every conflict there are two sides, and thus both
should be listened to and evaluated to at least comply even formally with
the norms of the moral code. This is what the gentleman of Paris and our
politicians did not do.
Our people say that one lunatic does not scare an entire
village. "The fear from the "lunatic" has embraced the sinners that have
entered a blind road by discriminating, jailing, prosecuting and lastly
even bombarding with heavy artillery some villages with autochthonous Albanian
population within the artificial creature of the Balkans.
If they are talking about simply some "terrorists",
than why do they need to send troops and weapons from everywhere? Why should
they burn down the quilt for a moth? The high officials of the Macedonian
State threaten that "they will give the deserved response to the Albanian
terrorists." Thus they confess that they have not yet understood what is
happening and why it is happening in the state of snow. The world history
in general and that of the Balkans in particular has witnessed that as
long as a class or a nation treats as an unequal a class or another nation,
the co-existence or peace between them are false. This reality contains
in itself conflicts that can go up to arm clashes, and to blame is neither
the class nor the oppressed nation, but those that impose the inequality.
It is clear that as long as the Balkan governments,
which have to do with Albanians will cherish this mentality, (which is
also favored by their allies) there will be no peace in the region. Even
in the conflict that has already started there is a provocateur. This is
the Macedonian state itself, with its primitive mentality of ignoring the
accumulated demands of our co-natives. And in this conflict there is also
a victim which is the unprotected Albanians who are beaten, jailed, deprived
of their rights systematically. Never in the world can happen that a whole
people can be a "terrorist and pro-terrorism".
A people never engages in war without
first consuming the other means of politics. Whoever accuses a people
as "rebel", "terrorist", "irredentist" and whatever epithets, has lost
any logic and has no future. The will of the people is like a river and
whatever you do to it, it will end up in the sea and ocean and the higher
one builds the dam to it, the higher will its level get and the stronger
will be its striking force over the object on its way.
We Albanian communists
are spiritually united in these difficult moments with our autochthonous
co-natives in the Republic of Macedonia and Southern Serbia, by raising
our voice against the state terror exerted on them on the most absurd pretences.
They do not want the war, they have been forced to.
The problems can be solved not by seeking arms and
soldiers from abroad, like the Macedonian state is doing, but by stopping
any provocation over our co-natives, and by fulfilling without delay their
normal demands in conformity with the international right. Only in this
way can the bloodshed and the further enmity be prevented.
The civilized world will surely raise the voice against
the arrogance of some Balkan governments, that are trying to shut with
fire the mouth of the Albanians who are trying to gain the same rights
that the other nations have in these states.
(2) IMPERIALISM AND THE
ALBANIAN NATIONAL QUESTION
By a leading comrade in district G.
Albanian people during the long Ottoman occupation
fought a continuous struggle for national liberation. Their heroic struggles
were famous in Europe from the times of Gjergj Kastriot
Scanderbeg, Ali Pashe Tepelena, Bushatilinjs; then to the struggles
during Tanzimat's Reforms, and especially
the battles for national liberation after Prizren's
Albanian League. According to the Leninist concept, Marxism should
undertake a historical analysis of every struggle to assess whether it
is to be called progressive, and to assess whether it serves the interests
of democracy and the proletariat.
We stress at the outset, that the long struggle of Albanian
people from the Ottoman Empire (at the end of the last century) was a liberation
struggle from invaders. The main problem that Marxists put forward for
the national question is self-determination. Lenin stressed that self-determination
of nations is equivalent to a struggle for full national liberation, full
national independence, against annexation.
(1) HOW DID THE STRUGGLE FOR
SELF-DETERMINATION OF THE ALBANIAN PEOPLE OF KOSOVO DEVELOP?
The Turkish Empire at the end of 19th
century, enfeebled from the counter-attacks of the oppressed peoples was
doing everything to further continue its domination in Balkan. This domination
would serve and interests of the Western Great Powers,
that were beginning their stage of imperialism development. Contradictions
between them had determined the policy of a balance of forces. This balance
led to a policy of preserving the Turkish state territory. To do this the
imperialists put up a system of economic and political controls enabling
a systematic robbery. On the other side Czarist Russia
was entering the struggle way to take over territories with the
pretence of protecting the Slavs and other orthodox peoples in the Balkan
peninsula.
As part of this Slav scheme, the Balkan monarchies were
supported by Russia. Governments of these countries renounced any democratic
liberation ideals that had inspired previous national revolutions in these
countries in the 1840’s. These governments now began expansionist chauvinist
policies, aimed at attempting to creating big states taking pieces from
other lands like Albania.
In this constellation of forces and contradictory interests,
the Ottomans encountered the interests of Albanian people. The Albanians
mounted rebellions which were an active part of the Balkan peoples movements,
against a common foe. Although objectively there did exist the possibility
of a common secular front against the Turkish empire – which would have
accelerated a national liberation - this did not happen. The Serbian and
Montenegros armies, were blinded by a religious and national hate against
the Albanians. They enacted with fanatic zeal, the instructions of the
Serbian prince Milan:
"As many Albanians do you transform by force, will
be as high your merits to the motherland".
In this context, the dramatic articles
of the Russian Turkish Treaty of Saint Stephan,
became well known in Albania. According to these articles, the Balkan Slav
states would take over many Albanian territories. It became clear that
behind Serbian nationalism was Russian imperial expansionism. Many lands
bordering on Serbia, were thereby taken over and Kosovo was put in danger.
But a strong national consciousness
existed amongst Albanians, and so strong protests burst out over the country.
Quite spontaneously a popular movement fighting for self-determination
began. The Albanian people appealed for co-operation with the other peoples
- especially that of Greece - to drive away
the Ottoman yoke. But this appeal was not positively recieved, because
policy in the Balkans was formed by the Great Powers and the reactionary
monarchy of these countries.
In these circumstances, in order
to coordinate political, military and administrative tasks, and to represent
Albanian people in the international arena, the Prizren
's Albanian League was formed. In the name of Albanian people it
clearly stated its demands:
1) Acknowledgement of the Albanian nation as one
and undivided; 2) Preservation of the territorial integrity of Albania,
and;
3) Union of the Albanian lands under a sole administrative
unit.
The Berlin
Congress was convened on the treaty of Saint Stephan, in favour
of the western Great Powers. This denied Albanian national rights, deciding
instead to parcel out Albanian land in favour of its’ neighbours. This
criminal parceling out of Albanian grounds, was signed and passed by the
Great Powers. At the London Conference of Ambassadors,
the detachment from Albania of Kosovo and Cameria was enacted, favouring
the chauvinist covetousness of Serbians and Greeks. Even the British
ex-foreign minister E.Gray stated in the House,
that:
"I know very well that when everything will become
known, this solution in many items will cause for many strong critics from
every one who known the country... during the attempts finding a such solution
had been agreement between Great Powers."
This aggressive act has haunted the
Albanian nation ever since. The intervention of the Great Powers after
the Balkan Turkish war, was prompted by the strategic importance to southeast
Europe of this part of South-Eastern Europe. The imperialists did not accept
Valona's government and they decided to set up an "international" administration
of the Albanian state under the German Prince
Vid. This was a flagrant violation of political and national rights
against the principle of self-determination. Nonetheless, Albania’s legal
representatives had already declared independence in November 1912. But
the Great Powers manoeuvred with Albanian Lands, in order to satisfy their
clientele. Thereby they proved that an imperialistic logic only serves
to ravish the national rights of small people. The divided Albania could
not prevent the first World War. The Serbian ex-deputy Kosta
Novakic was an eye-witness of Serbian terror in Albania in 1913
and wrote after this:
"The extermination of Albanians reduced the population
of Kosovo but could not change the Kosovo Albanian character. This extermination
has been for Kosovo, a colonisation with Serbs. The Kosovo slavery is a
most brutal example of oppression of a nation during the time of Balkan
war".
Serbians remained strong advocates
of a nationla take-over, and the cultural transformation of Albanian nationality.
Constantly, either by force or otherwise, a campaign against the historical
and spiritual inheritance of Albanians continued. This aimed to justify
the extermination of Albanians from Kosovo, as a people, supposedly "without
history, culture and homeland". The continuous resistance of the Albanians
followed with countless sacrifices during the battles of Azem
Galica up the national liberation war, which ended finally with
the autonomy of Kosovo, that was declared and given by the federal constitution
of 1974.
The autonomy of Kosovo was a result
of an evolutionary history with many factors, such as:
The war of Albanian population in Kosova against the
oppressing of Albanians in the old Yugoslavia;
Its taking part in the national liberation war during
the second world war;
The war of the workers and of all Yugoslavian peoples
for social and national rights;
The attitude of the CP of Yugoslavia, etc.
The autonomy of Kosovo did not result
from an anti-Serbian political combination. But it did result from an incorrect
deviation of Serbs from the principles of co-existence and respect of national
and social right of the nations in multi-national community. The autonomy
of Kosovo sprang from the self-political program of the Yugoslav
Communist Party, which in its first years of existence stressed
the principle of self-decision of the Albanian people of Kosovo and the
unification with Albania.
This was supported even in the principles
of the Atlantic Pact of the year 1941, where
the right of self-decision of peoples after the victory over fascism is
stressed. Tito himself in December 1942 declared,
in an article: "The national matter in war" - declared that:
"Peoples of Yugoslavia will win the right of self-decision
up to territorial division by their liberation war."
Desite the contribution that the Kosovo
people gave during the war, and all the sacrifices of the thousands of
martyrs, Kosovo did not obtain the right of self-decision. This was betrayed
by the Titoist clique, which deviated from the principles of Marxism-Leninism,
falling into the positions of a bourgeoisie-revisionist party. The Kosovo
people representatives themselves declared in the Conference
of Bujan in 1944 to leave Serbia territorially with the status of
a special republic as did all other republics. The Yugoslavian leadership,
instead of approving this decision of the free will of Kosovo people, terrorized
Kosovo by fire, and by bloody massacres such as that of Tivar
and many others. The policy of national oppressing and of limitation of
democratic rights of Albanians in Yugoslavia, under the pressure of Serbian
nationalism, was turned into a bid for hegemonic power in the state
of Yugoslavia.
Kosovo then became a future mirror
for the other republics. Although the ambitious pretensions of Serbia were
to put exert a dominant power over the others, it did not have the military
force, economic power, far less the ideological and cultural power to realise
this for ever. Only a democratic alternative could solve the conflicts
and put Yugoslavia out of the crisis. The limitation of the autonomy and
of other democratic rights of Albanians and other peoples, objectively
would produce and fire revolts and resistance. These would turn the dictatorship
into a generator of racist and obscurantist Serbian ideas.
(2) WHAT IS SERBIAN PROPAGANDA,
AND WHAT IS TRUTH ABOUT KOSOVO ?
The colonisation of Kosovo with Serbs
was already prepared by a anti-historical feverish propaganda. In the psychogical
grip of nationalism, Serbs declared that Kosovo represented the historical
centre of Serbian people and the centre of creation of the Serbian state.
This literacy myth became an expansionist slogan, of the Serbian state,
starting during the invading Balkan war.
But scientific studies prove that the
Slavians came too late in Balkan to fulfill
this myth. They came at a time by when the autoconthous peoples of this
peninsula - like the Helens and Illirians
- had already reached important peaks of ccivilisation. Ilirians had been
one of the Great people in Europe, people - as was called by one of the
founder of Illiriology - Thunman - very important,
as an antique people in the central and western unit of the Balkans. The
Illirians during the bronze period and iron period, had developed a culture
that became the Illirian ethos - one with a distinctive culture and language
different from the other paleo-balkanic peoples.
The Yugoslavian scholar Alexander
Sticjevic has stressed:
"Every story about Balkan starts with Ilirians".
Among the first ancient that mentions
Illirians is Herodotus; and late in the 2nd
century of the new era, one Aplanit put the
and of the Illirians as extending from Dalmacia up to Epire, and from Adriatic
sea up to Danube, Macedonia and Thrake. But some Yugoslavian scholars start
with political aims, and falsify scientific materials to substitute the
place of origin, or abode, for the Dardan -
for that of the Illirians. That is because antiquity records
that the Illyrians abode, lies now in modern day Kosovo. Biased scholar
have focused upon the Dardans, a people of centre Balkan, because of their
continuous wars against Macedonia.
The majority of scholars, relying
on authentic written sources - whether onomastic
("Relating to or connected with a name or names or with naming... used
in reference to the autograph subscription of a legal document"; Shorter
Oxford Dictionary; 1988-Editor),
toponomastic
("Place names of of a country or district as a subject of study"; Oxford
Shorter English Dictionary; 1988-Editor) and
archaeologic
- have proven the Illiirian ethnicity to Dardan.
The German historian Bydinger
concludes:
"The true Dardans the antique placement of which
have to be required near Scopia are, as all the others landing in these
regions, Illirians, as called so even by Strabon. "
The Yugoslav archaeologist Emil
Carshka supports
Bydinger saying:
"It is no doubt about the fact that Dardans belong
to teh Illirian trunk (as a branch of them)."
With the arceologic discoveries in
Koman of Kukes the scholars have proved that
keepers and continuers of the culture of Koman had been a population
of Illirian origin; who from written documents discovered later, are variously
called Albans, Arbanics and arbers.
These discoveries document completely the continuity
of Albanians from Ilirians.
After the 9th century, Arbers enter
the period of a national character formation. This coincides with the gradual
forming of feudal relations, with a consolidation of a feudal class in
country, with a role becoming ever greater. In his studies Shuflay
had stressed:
"Albanians formed from mountains - are a great form
of antiquity. They are not at all powerless stony relics, but a living
national gathering".
It was exactly this great form that
created a vital people, proud and brave before the Serbian misery.
The second item
that is used by the Serbian chauvinists to justify neo-colonization of
Kosovo, is that the Albanians are a minority in Kosovo.
Albanians in Yugoslavia are 2.5
million inhabitants; 90% of the population in Kosovo are Albanians and
only 10 % are a minority like Serbians, Romers, Turkish, etc. For centuries
the Albanians lived in a compact territory with their antique and original
culture, tradition and language being intact. They made the 3rd nation,
by number of the population in the Yugoslavian Federation, and were by
constitution of this federation - even a constitutive element in Yugoslavian
legislature itself. They were not treated as a minority in the consitution,
but were identified as a nation in itself, even in the Yugoslavian constitutional
rights. As such, they were put on an equal footing with the other subjects
of the Federation.
In a multi-nation states it is
natural that numerically a nation may be great or small, but it is not
correct, that the judicial aspects of a constitution expect differences
between a minority and a majority. Objectivity
requires that all the nations and nationalities in the multi-native states
must have equal rights in all fields. They must be left to self-govern,
to have the right to solve in an independent way their own problems.
This right was refused to Kosovo
people for more than century, turning it in a colony of Serbia with an
economic development very backward compared with the industrialisation
of other regions of Serbia. The desertion of Serbs from Kosovo - who left
volunatrily in order to get a better job in the city of Serbia -
has been labelled as "expelling them by force". This distortion is done
purposely and is used to justify the expulsion by force of Albanians from
their lands. Simply in the years 1945-1981 hundreds and thousands of Albanians
were forcibly expelled to Turkey.
(3) WHAT HAS BEEN THE STAND OF THE
OTHER NATIONS OF YUGOSLAVIA FEDERATION TOWARDS THE KOSOVO CAUSE?
The deafening silence on the crimes
of anti-Albanians forces, is not simply a political naivety; nor simply
a stand aimed to direct the nationalistic barbarian hordes towards the
south in order to have the north quiet. The other nations thought that
giving support to Serbian nationalism, would bring Serbia into accepting
a division of power. By abandoning Kosovo in memory of Serbian nationalism,
instead of protecting the principles of Federalism, (ie the practice of
social and state existence fixed in the constitution of '74), Serbo-Slovenia
returned the arms with which they could defend themselves, when they would
be attacked by Serbian hegemony aiming at a unitarian state. It was
this Serb hegemonism that created the objective bases for inter-ethnic
bickering and the division of the Federation.
This makes clear the final dis-respect
of the principle of the proletarian internationalism, and the final abandonment
of Marxism-Leninism by the Yugoslavian Communist League. By abandoning
the Albanian people of Kosovo in their war for national and social rights,
Yugoslavian nations damaged themselves, because they found themselves within
days under the same enemy fire of Serbian nationalism.
4. WHAT WAS THE ATTITUDE OF
INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS TO KOSOVO CAUSE ?
The wild oppression that was wrought
on the Albanian people of Kosovo following the fascist platform of Cubrilovics,
the ethnic cleaning of Kosovo, obliged the European
Parliament even very late on April 12th 1989, to stress in a resolution
the dangers if Yugoslavia continued such violent nationalist feeling. The
EEC warned that such a thing would not be without consequences to Europe.
The European parliament reminded the Yugoslavian government of their duties,
and the convents that had been signed. It recommended Yugoslavia to let
free the political prisoners, who had remained incaracerated for 10 years.
Another declaration came from State
Department of America to stop the violence and bloodshed in Kosovo, but
the situation became daily more dangerous.
After the Dayton
agreement the geopolitical map of the Federation changed.
Division occurred of Slovenia, Croatia, Macedonia and finally Bosnia. But
this agreement left out the Albanian matter of the Kosovo, where it was
well known that her people had already declared for independence in 1990.
Again Kosovo was to be sacrified like all previous times, by the West Imperialist
Powers.
In this moment of life or death,
Albanians of Kosovo supporting their best traditions, created the Kosovo
Liberation Army (KLA) in order to protect themselves from intolerable
Serbian terror and massacres. These were being perpetrated with the objective
of the creation of a "Greater Serbia". The fascist policy of Miloscevic
clique was more blatant than ever before. The reprisals of the years of
the '60's, were repeated massacring civil people, women, old men, children;
distroying houses; burning villages and provinces; violating
girls and killed them; opening massive burial grounds; expelling by force
to Albania.
We that have seen, been near or
heard these scenes will at no time forget them.
The world's peoples could see only
one millionth of them because Miloscevic excluded reporters of television
stations and journalist from Kosovo. However the massacres by Serbian chauvinism
in Kosovo will be a perpetual shame for Serbian people that allowed it
free hands. It will be a perpetual shame for those pretenders of
peace in the imperialism period that duped the peoples. It is a shame for
all of those that supported - in whatever manner the fascist clique of
Miloscevic.
It was the Albanians verdict
to organize the KLA to fight Serbian oppressor up to the point of victory
which, obliged the different imperialist powers to offer a "solution".
It was not from a humanism" that imperialism stepped up, as pretends H.Milloshi.
Although coming from opposite interests,
they came to an agreement to put off the liberty
war of Kosovo people. The KLA took part in the Rambouillet
conference for these purposes:
1. To unify the Albanian factor in Kosovo which was
splintered, and this thing was apparent to all peoples. Rugova and his
supporters were against the struggle of the KLA.
2. To obtain allies in a difficult war, an important
element in every struggle.
In this case, as during the previous
recent years, with his attitude Demac took a position against the interests
of his people.
The Albanian Communists greeted
the NATO-attack on the side of liberators Albanians of Kosovo without
feeding illusions about imperialist powers.
They are free from the responsibilities
that rest on the shoulders of those who denied the Albanians national
question of the divided territories and their population.
We consider now the first step
is to denounce thesetreaties that made this criminal parcelling. On contrary
we have right to think that this pro-KLA line, was done only for
other aim that start (have an origin) from an expansionist imperialism.
(5) WHAT WAS THE ATTITUDE OF
THE WORLD COMMUNISTS AND PSEUDO-COMUNISTS TO THE KOSOVO PEOPLES WAR?
'Every war was violence over the nations but not
stop the socialists to be for revolutionary war" (Lenin Selected Works
Vol.2 f, 423, Tirane 1958).
If when a people demands the same rights
as the other nations in a multi-national state, it is oppressed and refused
everything, must it raise up in a liberation war?
We say: "YES" and this war must
be helped by all the means.
"Class character of the war -that was the principal
matter appeared before the socialist" (Lenin same work f 432).
As the war of the KLA was in the interests
of wide masses of people; and it touched only the interests of the dominating
nation and of a small group (the big bourgeoisie of the country that had
created many relations with the oppressor-nation, as Rogova's class had,
which sabotaged the liberation war) it must be greeted and encouraged as
a correct war.
"When we have to do with occupied countries ... i.e
with the countries that are colonised or semi-colonised
then the slogan of rightness of the people detaching, is a revolutionary
slogan, and to take hand off from it, is to say to play the game of imperialists"
(Stalin Vol.5,f. 40, Mosca 1953).
Why then are liberators accused as
being the "players of imperialism'; while the preachers against the war
have to be called "Marxist Leninist"?
"Most peoples, with the demolition of the old colonial
system, made a great step forward towards independence, forming their national
states, and after this step, they are inspired to go farther. They need
the disappearance of the neo-colonialist system, of every imperialist dependence,
of every exploitation of foreign capital, need full economic and politic
sovereignity and independence. " (Hoxha E. Imperialism and revolution f,
172-173,Tirane 1978)
Under these inspirations, the people
of Kosovo followed KLA, filling its' ranks with workers, peasants, revolutionary
intellectuals and others. Rugova and his followers of the discredited peace-way
tried to isolate the KLA from the people. Rugova made accusations of the
KLA being "a tool of Yugoslavian secret police (UDB)", but over time
the contrary was shown. Despite tens of accusations from eurocommunists,
Titoists, Khruscevists, Mao-Tse-Tung-ists, etc, the freedom fighters
with uncounted sacrifice and proletarian discipline are obtaining repeated
success.
If some great powers supported
the KLA, and others supported the Serbian aggressor - that speaks of how
touched their interests were by this war.
If cleverly, the liberty fighters
exploited these contradictions to obtain short term allies, why must be
blamed?
"These contradictions need to be used by the people,
to deepen them in order to profit from them";
(Hoxha same work f 174) .
Another accusation against the KLA
has been that " It was transformed into a tail of NATO".
The facts are contrary to this disinformation.
Firstly,
KLA had started the frontal battle against the Serbian aggressor at least
a year before the western governments with USA at the head, approved the
air attack of NATO against Serbia.
Secondly,
the war of KLA was determined to obtain victory. This is an axiom in military
art by which the victory belongs to that force that dominates actions in
the ground.
Thirdly,
the defiance in war of the best sons and daughters of the people of Kosovo,
did not happen because it came to the head of Clinton or Blair, but because
national oppression had arrived at a critical point where it is was a matter
of discussing either liberty or death.
"Human beings always find the solution, only when
the material conditions to solve it exist, or at least, when these conditions
are possible";
(Marx-Engels Selected Works Vo.l,f 377, Tirane 1975)
Another accusation is that the
KLA was formed by the Albanian anti-communist anti-YCL who had emigrated
in West. But:
Firstly
the YCL, according to Tito (himself) mentions, was degenerated and
transformed in an educative propagandistic association
thieves, serviles". Can this be called anti-Communists?
To be against such a party that has nothing M-L except the name?
Secondly,
the Kosovars never at any time renounced the wish for their motherland.
We regret that even the alias of
Serbia was made "red" in front of the unprecedented
genocide. This fostered criticism towards NATO attacks. The revisionists
and their rascals didn't stop their street barking, taking on a stigma
of shame as the people's enemies, as resolute opponents of liberty and
independence.
The Albanian
United Communist Party denies such attitudes, including even this
one of H. Milloshi that entered in this "antiwar"
chorus, when martyred Drenica was in flames; and its legendary sons - such
as Adern Jashari - sacrificed their lives
to stop the bloody hand of the Serbs.
We have and will support such war
for national and social liberty of the peoples because:
"...national liberation movements are part of one
revolutionary process, of international proletarian revolution".
(Hoxha E. same work p. 171, Tirane 1978).
Long live to the immortal work
of Marx, Engels, Lenin, Stalin and Enver!
Long live to the international
communist movement!
Cmde LS, For the Albanian United Communist Party.
Circa April 2001. ____________________________________________________
TRIBUTE
TO BILL BLAND
To: the family of William Bland;
the Communist League of Britain.
Dear Family members and relatives of our beloved comrade
and friend Bill Bland.
With profound sorrow we have learned this evening
about the unexpected death of our beloved comrade and friend Bill Bland.
With this man, having a clear spirit like amber, a sincerity like no one
else, faithful like few men in this world, farsighted, clear in thought;
we were fortunate to have had connections for several years and we were
able to exchange opinions about many matters that pre-occupy true communists
today. Through this continued exchange, we learned a great deal about how
not to stray from the path we were taking.
The analysis that beloved Bland has made with regards
to the developments in the former Soviet Union, in China, in Korea, in
Vietnam and in Cuba, are of a special importance and have thus entered
into the golden fund of Marxist-Leninist literature. The articles 'On Stalin'
and 'In defence of Enver Hoxha', which we have translated and published
in our press, have been read, with great interest, by thousands of people,
receiving the highest praise. COMPASS, where the bright mind of Bland has
continuously been present, has been a most valuable publication for
Albanian communists because it has, in addition to information, also
given precise opinions based upon Marxist-Leninist methodology.
For Albanians, Bland remains a true friend due to the
fact that he has brought to light, like no one else, the intrigues and
the traps organised by the imperialist powers, against the interests
of our nation during the past one hundred years. The original documents
in the book 'A Tangled Web' reflect his international communist character
and morals. Our dear comrade and friend Bill Bland will be greatly
missed, not only by his country and family, but by the whole world communist
movement, as a man full of virtue and rare political analysis.
On this occasion, on behalf of the communists of Albania,
we express our sorrow by being spiritually close to you. Long live his
memory!
Muharrem Xhafa, Secretary KQPKBSH
Laver Stroka, First secretary
of the PKSH committee for the region of Gjirokaster
Fitim Caushi, Member of the
Central Committee of the PKBSH
2001
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